Present participle ends with ing and the past participle ends with ed or t. ( b) Participle : It is a verb which can be used as an adjective. In the above sentences, italicised words are infinitive verbs Generally the word “to” is used before the infinitive verb. ( a) Infinitive : It is generally used like a noun. ( ii) Non-Finite Verbs : A verb that does not change according to the person, number and tense of the sentence is called a non-finite verb. In the above sentences, italicized words are finite verbs. It also changes according to the tense of the sentence. ( i) Finite Verbs : A finite verb (or main verb) agrees with its subject in person and number. Verbs are of the following types according to their function in the sentence. Verbs : A verb means that part of speech which describes an action or occurrence. The meaning of both the sentences is the same but their structure is different.Ħ. In the second sentence Monika is the object of the preposition “to”. In the first sentence Monika is the indirect object. Moreover, the indirect object is usually followed by the direct object but this rule does not apply to object of the preposition. The object of the preposition comes immediately after the preposition whereas the Indirect object does not come immediately after the preposition. Object of the preposition is different from the indirect object. Here “ooty” is the object of the preposition “to”. In this sentence “the mouse” is the object of the preposition “at”. The noun that comes after the preposition is called the object of the preposition. Object of the Preposition : It is a noun or pronoun that provides meaning. Sentence structure is Subject, Verb, Indirect Object, Direct Object.ĥ. In the above sentences, italicized words are indirect objects. Rohan has made his mother promise to work hard.Deepak is sending his wife an e-mail right now.The indirect object usually comes just before the direct object. It follows the verb and answers the questions ‘Whom’. Indirect Object : A person or thing that the action is done to or for is known as the indirect object. Sentence structure is Subject, Verb, Direct Object.Ĥ. In the above sentences, italicised words are direct objects. It comes after the verb and answers the question ‘What’. Direct Object : A person or thing which receives the action of the verb is the direct object. In the above sentences the italicized words are the subjects while the other words are the predicates.ģ. The temperature in Gulmarg is zero degree.Predicate : It is that part of a sentence that tells something about the subject. Subject : The person or thing about which something is stated is called subject.Ģ. She likes Bengali Sweets which are made of milk and are tastyĪ sentence consists of the following parts :ġ.She likes Bengali Sweets which are made of milk.A sentence may be short and simple or long and complex. It consists of a main clause and one or more subordinate clauses. A sentence may be a statement, question, exclamation or command. It begins with a capital letter and ends with a full stop. Definition of a SentenceĪ sentence means a group of words that makes complete sense. As they on their own do not make complete sense and are dependent on the main clause She has a ring and This is the place. The words in italics are the subordinate clauses. This is the place where Himalaya was buried.She has a ring which is made of diamonds.However, it consists of a subject and a predicate, For example : Subordinate or Dependent Clause : A subordinate clause does not make complete sense on its own. Has a diamond ring and lives in Dubai are predicates Also, the whole clause makes complete sense. In the above examples, She and Ashok are subjects. It consists of a subject and a predicate. Main or independent clause : A main clause can stand by itself as a complete sentence and function as a simple sentence. For example.Ī clause is a group of words consisting of a subject and a predicate. It does not include a subject and a verb. It is a part of a sentence and cannot stand alone. A phrase is a group of words that makes incomplete sense. Three basic units which constitute the structure of language are – Phrase, Clause and Sentence. Knowledge of grammar helps in spoken and written communication. Grammar is the set of rules that govern the structure of language. It includes word examples, test questions, a quick revision section, etc.ĬA Foundation | New Syllabus | Dec. The coverage & presentation of the book is topic-wise. 3.2 Classification According to Structureģ.3 Subject-Verb Agreement Check out Taxmann's Business Correspondence & Reporting (BCR) | Study Material which provides the subject matter in simple and lucid language.
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